Ukugandaya kuyinqubo ebalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwengqalasizinda yesimanje, esekela yonke into kusukela emigwaqweni emikhulu nemigwaqo yasemadolobheni kuya kumapaki ezimboni kanye nemigwaqo yezindiza zezindiza. Ukuqonda ukuthi yiziphi izinto ezisetshenziswayo ekugandayweni kusiza ukuchaza ukuthi kufezwa kanjani izindawo ezibushelelezi, eziqinile, neziphephile. Imisebenzi yanamuhla yokugandaya incike kusethi ehlanganisiwe yemishini eklanyelwe ukulungisa isisekelo, ukubeka izinto ngokunembile, nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwesikhathi eside.
Inqubo yokugandaya ivamise ukuqala ngezinto zokusebenza ezingaphezulu. Imishini yokugaya ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukususa izendlalelo zetiti ezindala noma ezilimele, kwakhiwe isisekelo esihlanzekile futhi esilinganayo somgwaqo omusha. Le mishini isiza ukuthuthukisa ukuhlangana phakathi kwezingqimba futhi yandise impilo yomgwaqo oqediwe. Ama-excavators nama-loaders angasetshenziswa kulesi sigaba ukuphatha udoti, ukuhambisa izinto zokwakha, nokulungisa izendlalelo ze-subgrade.
Uma indawo engaphezulu isilungisiwe, itiyela noma okokusebenza kokugandaya okukhonkolo kuyaqala ukusebenza. Ama-pavers e-asphalt aphakathi kwemishini ebaluleke kakhulu kumaphrojekthi wokugandaya. Basabalalisa ngokulinganayo i-asphalt yengxube eshisayo endaweni yomgwaqo kuyilapho begcina ukujiya nobubanzi obungaguquki. Amaphevu esimanje aklanywe ngezinhlelo zokulawula ezithuthukile ezithuthukisa ukunemba futhi ezinciphisa ukumosha izinto ezibonakalayo. Izisetshenziswa ezifana ne-SEM 526F Izisetshenziswa Zokuhamba I- ivamise ukugqanyiswa embonini ngendima yayo ekuletheni ukusebenza kwe-paving okuzinzile kanye nokusekela ukuhamba komsebenzi wokwakha okuphumelelayo.
Okokusebenza kokucinana kungenye ingxenye eyinhloko yokusebenza kwe-paving. Amarola omgwaqo, okuhlanganisa amarola e-tandem, amasondo omoya, namarola adlidlizayo, asetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa itiyela elisanda kubekwa noma izinto eziyisisekelo. Ukubumbana ngendlela efanele kubalulekile ukuze kuzuzwe ukuminyana komgwaqo, amandla, kanye nokumelana nokuqhekeka noma ukuwohloka. Ngaphandle kokugingqika okuphumelelayo, ngisho netiyela elibekwe kahle lingase lehluleke ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngaphansi kwemithwalo yethrafikhi.
Izinto zokubamba ezibonakalayo nazo zidlala indima ebalulekile ekugandayweni. Amaloli alahlwayo athutha itiyela noma ukhonkolo esuka ezimbonini zokukhiqiza aye endaweni yomsebenzi, eqinisekisa ukutholakala kwezinto ezibonakalayo. Iziphakeli nezimoto zokudlulisa zingase zisetshenziselwe ukuletha izinto ku-paver ngempumelelo kakhudlwana, ukunciphisa ukulahleka kwezinga lokushisa nokuthuthukisa ukungaguquguquki kwendawo. Le mishini isiza ukugcina umkhiqizo kumaphrojekthi amakhulu okugandaya.
Ngokungeziwe emishinini eyinhloko, okokusebenza okusekelayo kuthuthukisa ukuphepha nokunemba phakathi nokugandaywa kwezinyawo. Amathuluzi okuhlola kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula ibanga ziya ngokuya zihlanganiswa kumishini yesimanje, okuvumela opharetha ukuthi baqaphe ukuphakama, ukuthambeka, nokuqondanisa ngesikhathi sangempela. Lobu buchwepheshe buthuthukisa ukunemba kokwakhiwa futhi busiza ukuhlangabezana nezindinganiso eziqinile zobunjiniyela. Imibhoshongo yokukhanyisa, ama-compactor, nemishini yokuvala ngokuhlanganyela ifaka isandla eqophelweni eliphelele lomgwaqo ogandayiwe.
Ukusimama nokusebenza kahle kuba yingqikithi embonini yokugandaya. Imishini yokupheva yesizukulwane esisha yakhelwe ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli, ukungcola okuphansi, nokweseka izinto ezigaywe kabusha. Imishini efana SEM 526F Izisetshenziswa Zokugandaywa ibonisa le threndi ngokuqondisa ukusebenza kahle nokulindelwe kwemvelo yesimanje, isiza osonkontileka ukuthi bahlangabezane nezinjongo zombili zokusebenza nokuzinza.
Sengiphetha, ukugandaya kuncike ohlelweni oluphelele lwezinto eziphilayo ezisetshenziswayo ezikhethekile, kusukela ekulungisweni kwendawo nokubekwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kuye ekuminyanisweni nasekuqedeni. Umshini ngamunye udlala indima ehlukile ekuqinisekiseni ikhwalithi yomgwaqo kanye nokuqina. Njengoba izimfuno zengqalasizinda ziqhubeka nokukhula emhlabeni wonke, izixazululo ezithuthukisiwe zokupakisha kanye nemishini ethembekile kuzohlala kubalulekile ekwakheni imigwaqo ephephile, ehlala isikhathi eside.
